460000+！来湖南越冬的“他们”创新高

The real-time monitoring of migratory birds that overwinter in Hunan Province for the 2024-2025 season has been accomplished, the Hunan Department of Forestry recently announced.

近日，湖南省林业局发布消息，2024至2025年全省越冬水鸟同步监测已圆满完成。

From last winter till this spring, a total of 465,200 waterbirds have been recorded overwintering in Hunan, marking a record high.

监测数据显示，去冬今春，46.52万只水鸟在湖南度过寒冷时光，冬候鸟数量刷新历史记录。

For the first time, the monitoring scope has been expanded from the Dongting Lake Area to 85 counties, county-level cities, and districts in all of the 13 cities and one prefecture provincewide. The monitoring results will provide a scientific basis to Hunan Province to protect birds and their habitats.

这是首次将监测范围从洞庭湖区扩大到全省14个市州、85个县市区，为全省保护鸟类及其栖息地提供更科学的依据。

Over the past five years, Hunan has expanded the real-time monitoring scope from the east, west, and south Dongting Lake Natural Reserves and the Hengling Lake Natural Reserve, to the surrounding counties, county-level cities, districts, and protected areas, covering all wetland parks at various levels around the province.

近五年，湖南省越冬水鸟同步监测范围从东、西、南洞庭湖自然保护区及横岭湖自然保护区扩大到周边县市区及保护地，今年实现全省各级湿地公园全覆盖。

According to the monitoring records, a total of 465,200 wintering migratory birds in 71 species have been recorded. Among which, 456,200 birds overwintered in the Dongting Lake Area, 75,000 more than that in the same period of last year. The four core protected areas were inhabited by 272,600 migratory birds, about 3,600 more than the previous year. Comparing with the same period of last year, 71,400 more migratory birds were recorded in the areas around the lake, bringing the total number to 183,600.

此次调查记录到的71种、46.52万只越冬候鸟，集中在洞庭湖区域的有45.62万只，比上年同期增长约7.5万只。其中，四大核心保护区27.26万只，比上年监测记录增长3600只左右；而环湖区则同比增加7.14万只，总量达到18.36万只。

The Niao'er Isle in Dingcheng District, Maoli Lake in Jinshi City, Xifeng Lake in Hanshou County, Donghu Lake in Huarong County, Tianxing Isle in Nanxian County, Qionghu Lake in Yuanjiang City, and Laiyi Lake and Datong Lake in Heshan District were the wetland parks that have recorded a relatively large number of wintering waterbirds, according to a researcher of the observation station. These wetland parks are mainly located in the areas around the Dongting Lake. 

据观测研究站研究人员介绍，鼎城鸟儿洲、津市毛里湖、汉寿息风湖、华容东湖、南县天星洲、沅江琼湖、赫山来仪湖和大通湖，是记录到越冬水鸟较多的湿地公园，而这些湿地公园大部分属于环洞庭湖区。

The increasing number of migratory birds overwintering in Hunan demonstrates the continuous improvement and balanced development of Hunan's ecosystem. 

越冬候鸟数量的增加彰显了湖南生态系统的持续优化与平衡。

Four major species of wintering migratory birds—bean goose, falcated duck, green-winged teal, and spot-billed duck—are in the majority in Hunan, with tundra swans following behind with a sharp increase. 

在湖南越冬的候鸟中，豆雁、罗纹鸭、绿翅鸭和斑嘴鸭这四大主要种类占大多数，小天鹅的数量紧随其后，且有大幅增长。

Tundra swan is under second-class state protection. In 2019, a small number of tundra swans were recorded in Hunan for the first time. This year marks the fifth consecutive year that they overwinter here.  

2019年，湖南省在越冬水鸟同步监测中首次记录到国家二级重点保护动物小天鹅。如今，它们已经连续五年选择湖南过冬。

Apart from tundra swan, more protected birds have been monitored this time, including baer's pochards, scaly-sided mergansers, Siberian cranes, hooded crane, black storks, and oriental storks, all of which are under first-class state protection. Additionally, lesser white-fronted geese, swan geese, Eurasian spoonbills, greater white-fronted geese, common cranes, mandarin ducks, smews, and Asian pygmy geese, all of which are under second-class state protection were also recorded.

除了小天鹅，本次监测还记录到青头潜鸭、中华秋沙鸭、白鹤、白头鹤、黑鹳和东方白鹳等6种国家一级重点保护鸟类，小白额雁、鸿雁、白琵鹭、白额雁、灰鹤、鸳鸯、斑头秋沙鸭、棉鳬等8种国家二级重点保护鸟类。